It is also called the Table of Pythagoras in many languages (for example French, Italian and Russian), sometimes in English. The multiplication table is sometimes attributed to the ancient Greek mathematician Pythagoras (570–495 BC). The oldest known tables using a base of 10 are the Chinese decimal multiplication table on bamboo strips dating to about 305 BC, during China's Warring States period. The oldest known multiplication tables were used by the Babylonians about 4000 years ago. History Pre-modern times The Tsinghua Bamboo Slips, Chinese Warring States era decimal multiplication table of 305 BC Many educators believe it is necessary to memorize the table up to 9 × 9. The decimal multiplication table was traditionally taught as an essential part of elementary arithmetic around the world, as it lays the foundation for arithmetic operations with base-ten numbers. In mathematics, a multiplication table (sometimes, less formally, a times table) is a mathematical table used to define a multiplication operation for an algebraic system. Multiplication table from 1 to 10 drawn to scale with the upper-right half labeled with prime factorisations
For a table of departure and arrival times, see Timetable (disambiguation). Textbook content produced by OpenStax is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License. Use the information below to generate a citation. Then you must include on every digital page view the following attribution: If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a digital format, Then you must include on every physical page the following attribution: If you are redistributing all or part of this book in a print format, Want to cite, share, or modify this book? This book uses the Step 1: So, we start with the table below: It should be clear that 0 multiplied by anything, regardless of base, will give 0, and that 1 multiplied by anything, regardless of base, will be the value of “anything.” Multiplication still has the same meaning as it does in base 10, in that 4 × 6 4 × 6 is 4 added to itself six times, 4 × 6 = 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 4 × 6 = 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4. So let’s look at multiplication in base 6. In order to create the multiplication tables for a base other than 10, we need to rely on addition and the addition table for the base.
However, different bases have different addition rules. Multiplication is a way of representing repeated additions, regardless of what base is being used. In this section, we use multiplication and division in bases other than 10 by referencing the processes of base 10, but applied to a new base system. How do they change if we instead use a different base? A larger base? A smaller one? We are familiar with those operations in base 10. This includes the rules for multiplication and division. Just as in Addition and Subtraction in Base Systems, once we decide on a system for counting, we need to establish rules for combining the numbers we’re using.
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